Fastening replacement means



Aug. 3, 1948. C, A, QDlNG 2,446,189*

FASTENING REPLACEMENT MEANS Filed Aug. 25. 1945 I 2 sheets-sheet 1 C) 5?/ l -I ||b Aug. 3, 1948.

C. A. ODING FASTENING REPLACEMENT MEANS 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed Aug. 25, 1945 Hmm INVENTOR.

Patented Aug. 3, 1948 d l ,"Mi

" MFSTENIN'G RPLACEMET MEANS t t t Qcaflnoaiiigmameqa,Calif: i i i lippliaaneneugustfzs, 1945,` .serial` No. 612,601

f T'Ihislinventioncrelates tofapparatus for affect ing; temporary subsurface/repairs in thel vhulls of1vessels `at sea. t t, `It is aniobject offth'einvention to provide ap-` paratus whereby under-water hull'fasten-ing devices isuc'has bolts for rivets 1may be replaced .by

drawn into vtheopeningpin the; hull to close the latter.

improved meansior carrying tothe surface of vabo'dy of` water, from-a position `below said-sur face, a ,normally non-buoyantl member. c t

i.; Still anotherobject vofthe invention istopro- `videin apparatus of fthe character described and including anormally nonh-buoyantmember in flatable to render-it buoyant, means in theinature rcfa hand tool which may -be attached `to said noni-buoyant ,member i `for i substantially.- -instantaneously renderingit buoyant. t

The inventionpossessesiother 'objects and fea- .turesiof advantagewhich,together with lthe foregoing, will be specicallyfbrought `out iinthe dei `tailed `description `vof thepreferred formotm-y inventionl'hereunto 'annexedi It-is to be understood thatfthe invention -is not to gbe limitedto th-e specific form thereof iherein shown ian'dfde- :scribed as` various `otherembodiments A thereof may beiemployedxwit-hin` the scope ofthe apperidedyclaims.` i A t Referring tothe drawings.: t .t l `Figure 1 -is a vertical sectional view ofa vesselis hulle-showing therein the .character ofleak which the apparatus of -my inventionis" adapted to repairw c A c u l c `Figure 2 is a longitudinal vertical sectional i viewpf a form of linebobber and 'leak stopper. c'

Figure t y `vievvofthe bobberlinflating tool. t

Figure 4 is a fragmentalltop plan viewof 'the structure .otFigure '3; thezplane in which the view is taken being indicated 'by thefarrowsfl-f is a. longitudinal vertical sectional" l0 Kn.. p ,n A n n ithefplane indicated .by the line 81-8 lof Figurefl n 1 t Y, A20 i A stillfurther `object of ,the invention is to t provide, in apparatus oiivthelvna-ture referred to,

LFigure 5 ,isa longitudinal vertical sectional view-.of `the preferred forni lof the bobberfdfany invention. c c la c c c .Figure 6 is a view Vsimilar `to Figure 5 showing theclloobber inl its inflated condition.-

`ligure 7 'isan enlarged fragmental vertical :sectional View, similar wi-cportions` of'Figures "5 i nd T6, showing the method `of exhausting the babbel? air Sect."

4Figure 8 is a vertical sectionalfviewtakenfin riewvfafmodifslivne t-ort'tb'bber. n A Eigureali). is a Qvief'vv,` .partly Tin .side kelevation and; partly in vertical 5 sectiony showing a frag-'- mentary portion of a ,shipfs huiiwith tnejrepair -Figure 9 is a ylongitudinal.` vertical sectional bolt in positiorijinjtlie apertureto beclosed. c t Figure l 1is `La view, .sirnilarA toFigure `10, shoi'wling ythe c--b'olt y nally secured in "p'lace.

y Itsome times occurs; during thelvovag'el'ofa shim thatfstressesfset up by pounding gseasfjo'r ,bagging aridsaggingw ofthe hull 'may 'set'fup ,stresseslsuflicient'fto;shearfrivets .from therls'hell c @plating at `rpoints. thereof l"connected"vs'fitl'rii` frames, tstringers," butt straps and" the like.` Usually,

where one rivet is flsli'eared,A several surrounding rivets are similarly affected and `iffth'e resulting eneeiedserious damage to cargo, if. theieakxgojegcursin-ia holdfmayQresult.A l The simplest method @repairing ajieak'oceasioned by abrokeri'rivet fsuii'cieritlytighttostopthe flow of 'WaterlV This :repair however "must bei closely fwatched to Yinsure ,that fthe plug fdes notyfbec'ome loose 'and dislodged from the f hole. Furthermore, i the A.'vitooden :plug stopper` 'villlnot 'work at Jall where the i thas been,knocked'out in a buttgstrap he' reasnthat4 water will "continue'jtjo seep our .interne ship through tire Lbutt mterstice p t iid( trie jiapf :between the butt c strap and siren "Instopping thi'sftypelof ale'ak andri'npositive n plugging the leaks in frame hbl'es'a'rfd' the likedt was vpreviously the* practiceu to send" a diver "rover-side," i`f` the weather #conditions permitted; 'whose :met jeuty 'waste Llaborisfislymaar@ t tli'e 'ole orlholesj tol be plugged 'andto thereafter c inse c c c 'shape simulating i thefrem'ved rivets y-but having int-ofthe holes `'repair pensier-11a sizei'ara t 'througljithej'hole, could receive a nut Yandfvva'slife'r` jioriugntiyemening theiboit'm the no1@ andfwiiich "simultaneously :drew,toeetlm'r any 'scp'araitli units` siren as tlie shell plating and frames the plating and butt straps or similar parts. Not only did this procedure require considerable time to perform but at least two men were required, one being the diver and the other operating from within the ship to apply the nuts to the bolts and to cinch them up. In cases where the leaks happened to be in the bilge plates or at points deep below the waterline, the diver had a very difficult task ands ometimes, was unable to dothey job at all. .L Q3; I ,i u f I have provided means whereby repairs of the above-described type may be very expeditiously-l, accomplished and wherein the work may, ifJl needs be, requires the services ofy only one Vman or two at the most. In Figures 5 `and 64 Ilhave:

shown the principal embodiment of "my inven'-"" tion which comprises what maybe aptly -termed '1 a bo'bber having a pair of cylindrical vplugs* ,I2 I and I3 which are secured lin the opposite ends i of a tubular rubber sac I4, bands I6 encircling the ends ofthe sac'bein'g 'crimped AcircumferentiallvI so as to'radially 'compress thesac about the plugs and thus provide 4a iluid-tightjoint therebetween.- Iheplug I3is provided with acoaxial tubular extension I1 threadedinto the outer end of whic'hi'sl a' tubular valve housing' I8 havingaN pair' of diam'etricallyvopposed ports I9 opening throughfthe'side walls thereof and `into the chamber 2`I The plug member I3, in the; tu'- bfular' extensionfllthereof, is providedwith a similar 'axial' chamber -22 andducts- 23 drilled longitudinally V'through the` plug' member I'establish communicatonjbetween the chamber 22 and 4thesac cavity ,24. rAc'heclt valve,` preferably of theinap type, is providedirrthe chamber 2| for the purpose of 1imitingv flow of fluid, specifically air, unidirect'ionall'y ,throughth'e ports I9 v,and thenceinto the sac cavity 24."`Indetail however, it comprises ga cup-shaped rubber {member 26 the valve' housing I8, the closed end4 28 fof the member' being centrally apertured to receivea screw 29 threadedinto housing and-serving to `ret'a'tin the rulrbervalvev in` place;v The' skirt fof the 4valve'mem-ber is extended sufficiently so as ,to complet-ely'overlie" and 'close the ports I9.` It

will be seen that'if `pressure exists :in the cham'- ber'` 2l which exceeds atmospheric'therubber valve will be jsubjectedto 'an internal'raldialfex- [pensive 1 force tending to bulge the1 Aportions `)of 'the valvev skirt in registry with the' ports VI 9 outwardlythrough the latter and thustlghtlyseal the, portsv and ,thel chamberi'ZI. Conversely; if

air, at rva pressure exceeding that' whi'chmay exist in the chamberf2I,is admittedto the ports I9 from the exteriorof the housing I8, the valve vskirt will' be readily ,dispiaeainwardly thereby opening the ports and permitting the air to ow cation, ,c through afpluralit'y'of drilled ,passages isa withy the cavity 241Tne peripherai'porton of the bottomof `the bore ,3l bordering 'the .coun- ,tenbore ,312 form a valve seat adaptedtoeng'age 36 adjustably engaged, by vmeans ofthe screw jsized 'to snuglyt into the chamber bore 21 of f 4 threads 4I in the end of the plug I2. A coil spring 42, interposed between the disk valve 36 and the plug 39, serves to forcibly maintain the disk valve on its seat. Vents 43, drilled through the wall of the plug I2, serve to establish communication of the chamber 44, defined by the bore 3|, with the atmosphere. Let us assu-me that a. pressure of 25 pounds per square inch is all that wcan safely beintroducedinto the cavity 24 to expand the sacIlI. The1 plug .539,5 is manipulated seas to compress the spring 4-2` and thus store Zin it sufficient force, in addition to the pressure off the atmosphere against the exposed area of fthe fdisk valvefearrier, to just 'balance the predeterminedl'pressure which will be imposed on ythefa-ce ofthe disk valve in the chamber 33. If

, air ,at-,apressure 0h25 pounds per square inch is admittedthrough the charging ports I9 into the cavity-24 the sac I4 ,will expand radially, as shown in Figure 6, to the point where the stretched member andthe force ofthe atmosphere on the exteri-orfthereof exertsa-counterpressure sufficient to balance the-internal pressure. Under these conditionsthe valve 36 will remain closed since no more pressure than the pre-determined amount may 'be admitted into the cavity 24fro-m the source. @.AI-IoweverlinK the event that air at a pressure in excess of 251pounds per square inch is admittedlthrough the Vcharging ports I9, the sac will expand toafpoint wherein its internal pressure slightly exceeds 25 pounds whereupon the valve 36 will vcrack open and allow the excess pressure, foraslbngas it may persist,.to escape from'the1cavity24 through the passa-ges 34 into the chamber 32 andthence through thelvalve port and vents 43 to the atmosphere l p i;

Conveniently'portable' meansiis provided'flfor storing fluidunder pressureV and for inflating the bobber when desired. Referring to Figures 3 and 4, a plier-type hand tool-is provided comprising a cylindrical body 4B having a` chamber 41 therein which may be charged with a volume of compressed'air fromk a 'pump or other source through 'a charging valve 43 carried by a plug 49 which is in-th'readed engagement with a boss 5I xed jaw 52 and a pivot lug 53,1 the latterbeing l into the chamberZ I and thence into the sac". I4f A Y,

, AMeans is provided ffordimiting the pressure .admitted'to the' sac, irregardless of -how` inuch A ff'excess pressurejmaybe '1 originally introduced ,through theports jI9, so as to primarily `guard againstaccidental rupture of'thesac. Extending axially into the plug |`=2 isl a,bore, 3l having latthebottom thereoffa coextensive counterbore 32 ,forming fa' chamber 33 whichv is in communi- 'provided 'with a fixed pivot pin 54. A triggerl 56,

whichl lies alongside of andlongitudin'ally parallels the body 46, is provided,l having a pairof spaced arms 51= traversing the pivot lug 53-and provided with elongatedv apertures 58, extending transversely of the axis of the body 46, inwhich the pivot 'pin 54 islmovably engaged.' The remote endsv of the `arms 51 are connectedfintegrally with a jaw 59 which confronts and parallels the xed jaw 52. Means are provided for registeringthe vjaws. 52`and 59 with ythe charging ports I9 of the bobberand means is furtherprovided for releasing air fromthechamber 41 'and for conducting the` air into one'ofithe aforesaid charging ports. Each of thejaws,` in the confronting jfaces' thereof, is provided with a jshallow counterb'ore 6I for xedly receivingV Aa rubber washer 62, the Iwasher in themovable jaw 59 H3 drilledaxially` through -the collar l| IN2 provide additional y'airflow l communication between the chambers 2lfandi22.;y The proportionsare such that whenthe sac is in its deflated condition, as shown in :Figure 5, Athe collar ||2 will. impinge against the shoulder of the housing 8 `where the latterthreadsdnto the: chamber 22. Thus `any forcewhich tendsto compressthe sac axially will be resisted by the .tube |03 .as will.;v forces tending to flex the sac about its axis. However since lthetube andcollar 4are free to move toward the left -asviewedand shown in Figure 6 ther-normal, expansion of the, sac when vair ,pressureis. admittedthereto .will in no Way be interfered with. i l

In Figure2 I have shown a modified `form of device, although operating'onl the, general principles outlined above, `is intended toserveas a leak` ,Stopper incertain instancestwhere repair bolts cannot conveniently. i be y.used or wherein the outboardportion vof abroken rivet cann'ot be removed or.. driven from the hole. The plug member ||4 is secured in the end of the rubber sac; H6, as already described, by-.means ofa crimped,metallicfbandf||1 and a tube, ||8, anchoredattone end in a central aperture ||9 formed in the. plug member,` has a globularouter end ;|2| and is, provided V3with apertures- |22 through which communication maybe had from the .interior of the tube to the cavity |23 of the sac. `A valve housing |24, similarto the. housing I8, is provided being threaded onto a nipple-|26 formed on the plug |4 and is. fitted with charging ports |21 andseating surfaces 28 bordering the ports. Inthe chamber.|29. ofthe valve housing is a checkvalve |3| `identical with the valves previouslydescribed except .that a screw |32 having; an axial bore,|33 therethroughis pro-f vided for. securingthe valvein place@ .The passage |33 through the-mounting screw `opens into a chamber |34, Aconcentric .withthehousing, which is closed by a threaded lplug :|36 having a centralfaperture |31:.and.radial ly spaced ports |38. A valve stem |39', slidable` in Athe aperture |31, has-an rintegral valve, disk |4| overlying and ,closing theports |38 outsideof the-chamberLl34 and acoil spring |42, concentric with-the stem `|39 and interposed between the plug |36 and a washer |43 which is mounted yby a nut |44 on the ste`m,serves to hold vthe valve disk llllyfwith .adjustable pressure in position-closing the ports |38. 'Ihe stem |39 is eidzendedl bya shank|46 beyondthe valve-disk |4| and; is fitted with a head |41 whichprojects suiiicientlycbeyondthe outer end ofthe plug |36, toenablet a person to grip the heady |41 with his. vfinger. nails and thus lift the valve disk |4| from-.its-zseat. Acap |48 provided with vents |491is ,providedl for engaging Atheprojecting threaded end of the plug: |36 and isforthe-purpose of protecting the valve'mecha'- nism yagainstaccidental disturbance or damage. 'The tube-.H8 in the sac ||6 lends suicient rigidity tothe latterso that it may beworked, in ,deflated` condition into holes. or cracksthatare to be `closed afterwhich the sac' is inflated inthe manner abovev described, Thisdevicelis useful both, asfa Ibobberfand as ameans'forstopping hole leaks when alarge'group of .theflatterexist and it-is desiredto' reduce theylarge volumeof water owinginto the vessel `while the; more permanent repair effected `.by thebolts 96 may be carried on in ,successiveof the;holes.`

,Repairsgofthe nature .described are usually carried out in comparatively deep water. `However in some instances the vessel may :be llocated or anchored in relatlvelyshallow .Water .and in order to prevent fouling lofthe'repair boltwith-l marine growth, rock` `crevices -or `the like when' the bolt is droppedoverside fromm: the -repair Workers skiff, I providethe bolt with an zfapertured lug 15| through which, a doubled cord |752 inayf` be threaded, the latter .being used for: controlling the descent Yoi the bolt through the water sothat the bolt may not approach anysub-surface object which mighty foul it.A After .the b olt has been finally set in place, the lcord |52 may be detached, by drawing' on one` of .the strands until it is retracted from thelug aperture. a

4Having thus described myinventi n in detail,` what I claim as new and desire to lsecure by Letters Patent is:l zu. Y. L 1. IInv apparatus Afor inserting, from the outboard side of .a water-borneship, a stopper `in a hole existing inthe hull .of saidshipand positioned considerably below lthe waterline thereof, and a line to be passed through said hole fromthe inboard to .the outboard ends thereof and to be elevated toward the surface `ofthe water to be there` connectedv with the stopper which is then drawn into the holeby retrieval of the line through the hole in an inboarddirection; means engageable With and for elevating said -line toward the surface of the'water comprising asac radially-expandible ,to enclose a volume of air sucient to render said sac and its associated parts buoyant so as to permit ascension thereof toward said surface of the water, a plug secured in said .sae having therein. a conduit and charging. ports .opening into said conduit', through which air under pressuremaybe .admitted to said conduit toilow into and to'inflate saidv sac, flexible valving means in said conduit and voverlying said charging ports for limiting, unidirecf tionally, the flow ofrair through saidportsinto said conduit, a valve in communicationfwith said sac and operative, upon establishmentlof ya pre.- determined pressurein saidsac, forfexhausting fromsaid sac air in excess of said predetermined pressure, and means for regulating said valve to govern the operative limit thereof. Y Y n.

2, In apparatus for inserting, from the-.outboard side of a water-borne shipja stopperin. a` hole existing .in the hull of said ship` andypositioned considerably below the waterline thereof, and-.a line to be `passed through said hole from the inf board to the outboard ends thereof t and to be elevated toward the surfaceofcthewaterto be there connected with the vstopper vwhich is then drawn.- into, the hole by lretrievall-of. the-llne through the hole in aninboarddirection; means engageable with and for elevating said-line toward thesurface vofthe water comprising a sac radiallyexpandible to enclose .a volume of air suflicient to render said sac and its associated `parts buoyant so tas ltovpermit ascension thereof toward said .surfaceof the water, a firstplug secured insald .sac havingtherein. a conduit and ports opening into said. conduit through which air .undergpressure may be admitted to said conduit to owinto and to inflate said sac. means in said conduit and overlying said charging ports for limiting', ,uni-

.directiona1ly, the flow of air` through said ports into said conduit;` means for r forcing air ,under pressure throughsaid ports, a second plug secured in said -sac in axialregistry withthe first plug, said` second plughaving therein adischarge port incommunication, respectively, with `the `interior of .-the sac and'withthe atmosphere, a plunger in said yplug carrying a valve disk and mounted coaxially of said. dischargeport and for movement 'erative upon movement of said jaws toward each other for releasingA air i Afrom said vessel into a charging port. f

7, Inl apparatus' for insertingwfrom the outlboa'rdside of a water-borne `shipa ystopper in a hole existing in the hull of said ship and positioned considerably below the waterline `there` mit ascension thereof ,toward said surface of the water, a first plug secured in said sac having therein a conduit vandcharging ports opening into said conduit through which air under pressure may be admittedv to said conduit to ow into and to inflate said sac, said lrst plug in portions bordering said ports having attened sealing seats, a second plug secured 'in said sac in axial registry' with the rst plug, saidsecond plug having therein a discharge port in communication, respectively, with the interior of the sac and with the atmosphere, a spring-pressed valve closing said discharge port and disposed on the atmospheric sidethereofr, and a closed vessel contain- .ingv air underanelevated pressure, said vessel having Athereon a pair of relatively movable jaws ,adapted to be brought into intimate engagement A,with the sealing seats of said first plug, one of said jaws having ,thereon a pinuengageable with one of the charging portsso as to center thevjaws being provided with resilient gaskets interposed between the jaws and the sealing seats so as'to preclude air leakage from the charging ports, thel other of said jaws having adischarge `aperture ,therein and a conduit in communication with said discharge aperture'and said vessel, a

valve in said conduit for' releasing, airirom, the

12 vessel :to flow from the dischargeaperture and saidvalve being operative upon movementof said jaws toward each other.` Y

8. In apparatus vof the-class described, a bobber comprising an elastic sac, a plug connectedtoand vclosing the open endof said sac,` a tubular; stern secured insaid plug and extending into saidsac through which air may be admitted to said sac to inflate the latter, 'a valve housing connected with and extending from said plug, said 'valve' housing having therein a pair of separated chambers andch'arg'ing ports opening Ainto a rst 'ofsaid chambers, said rst chamber'being in communication with said tubular stein andl the second chamber being in communication'with the atmosphere, a check valve associated with saidfcharging ports for limiting Ilow of air 'through said ports Y unidirectionally into said rst chamberj'mean's associated with said'check valve having therein la passage 'providing communication between the rst and second chambers, means for Yforcing vair `under pressure through said charging ports anda spring 'pressed valve in saidsecond Vchamber for normally shutting off" said second chamber from the atmosphere and for venting saidsecondchamber'to the atmosphere when the pressure therein exceeds a Ypredetermined value. l

cARL lA. ordner.v

REFERENCES CITED Thezfollowing references are of record ini'the yfile ofthis patent: i f Y. l j:

UNI'I'ED` STATES PATENTS i.

Number n Name "lilate 211,587 Rydt T.; Jan.V 2,1, 1879 417,814' Winchester L--- Dc. 24:,14889 2,338,597 Pleak Jan.4, '1944 A FOREIGN PATENTS Y Number Country Date y' 320 'Great Britain j Jan. 6,1896 `196,413 Germany l Mar. 19, 1908 

